Security Guard: Career Guide
A security guard patrols and monitors buildings and other areas to prevent or stop incidents, such as theft or violence. Security guards also answer alarms, and may apprehend individuals who pose a security threat. Many large organizations hire security guards and security directors, the latter of whom manages the guards and the security system overall. A security guard provides safety for the employer by guarding against violations of the law as well as disturbances that could result in a loss to the client. Most security officers work in the private sector. Many businesses employ security guards, including banks, museums, hospitals, office buildings, nightclubs, and stores. Security guard specialties include retail loss prevention, armored car guards (who protect money and valuables transported from one location to another), gaming surveillance officers, and bouncers. Some security guards go on to become police or law enforcement officers and study while working full-time to earn an online associate's or a bachelor's degree in criminal justice.
Career Description, Duties, and Common Tasks
Depending on the setting, a security guard's duties may vary significantly. In some instances, a security guard remains "static," e.g. stays in the same location, monitoring closed-circuit security feeds. A security guard may also monitor employees as they enter and exit the building or perform certain activities, such as cash handling. In mobile security positions, the security guards may patrol and monitor on foot or in cars.
Security guards:
- Communicate closely with law enforcement, fire departments, and emergency medical personnel
- Document, usually daily, the activities, including disturbances, that occurred. Clients then use the reports to assess potential damage from the disturbance.
- Ensure alarm systems, doors, and windows are all secure and properly working
- May interview witnesses and/or testify in court
- Patrol and inspect property to protect it from fire, theft, vandalism, or other criminal activities
Steps for Becoming a Security Guard
Most security guard jobs are entry level and typically require a high school diploma. Individuals seeking an edge in hiring can pursue additional education such as an associate's degree in criminal justice. Security guards must also:
- Be able to communicate effectively orally and in writing
- Be able to think quickly and critically
- Be mindful of customer and public service
- Be legally allowed to carry a handgun, if the position requires use of a firearm
- Exercise good judgment in potentially dangerous situations
- Have knowledge of public safety and security
- Possess knowledge of the laws and regulations that govern the security field
- Work well independently and with others
To become a security guard, you will proceed through steps similar to the ones below.
- Apply for an open position of security guard.
- Be interviewed for the position.
- Pass a background check.
- Get hired as a security guard.
- Receive on-the-job training once hired.
Receive on-the-job training once hired.
Security guards generally must complete training upon hire. Training varies depending on state regulations and the position. Armed security guards usually require more extensive training due to firearms use; armed security guards may also have to pass a firearms exam. Ongoing training in best practices, the use of force, and updates to state and local laws is common for security guards.
Other Helpful Skills and Experience
Candidates with an associate's degree or higher and/or who have a knowledge of a second language may have a hiring advantage. Previous law enforcement or military experience may also be advantageous.
Possible Job Titles for This Career
- Protection Officer
- Security Guard
- Security Officer
Security Guard Salary and Outlook
The US Bureau of Labor Statistics (MSA) reports that security guards earn a median annual wage of $24,680 per year.1 As a security guard gains experience, he or she may earn a promotion to a supervisory position such as security director. Those seeking such advancement often have a bachelor's degree in criminal justice. The MSA projects jobs for security guards will grow 5% from 2014 to 2024, about as fast as average for all occupations.